History of Nikolayev.

Under the decree of prince Grigory Potyomkin in mouth of the river Ingul under the direction of colonel Michael Faleev in 1788 the shipyard round which the city has started to grow has been put.

The city name is known from the warrant № to 1065 Faleev from August, 27th (on September, 7th) 1789: Summer residence by Faber to call Spassky, and Vitovka — Bogojavlensky, new erected shipyard on Ingul— the city of Nikolaev …

The city has received the name in memory gained in 1788 Russian armies to victory — capture of Turkish fortress Ochakov in day of sacred Nikolay, the patron of seamen. The first ship, 46-gun frigate lowered from shipyard in 1790, was as is named by "Sacred Nikolay». The construction beginning in Nikolaev the large sailing military ships was necessary to them and the basic branch of city — shipbuilding is defined.

Nikolaev was under construction according to plan, made by Ivan Starovym — with direct Nikolayev streets and quarters of the correct form.

In 1798 the first educational institution of city – the Black Sea mate school has been based.

Long time the staff of the Black Sea fleet was deployed in Nikolaev. During the Crimean war it became the main rear base. The majority of the enterprises which were created in city, concerned military-industrial complex and in this connection Nikolaev many decades have been closed for visiting by foreigners.

In 1862 in city the commercial port that was an incitement to transformation of Nikolaev Ukraine to the big trading port has been opened. Already in the end of XIX-th century the Nikolaev port took the third place after Petersburg and Odessa on volume of trade with abroad, and on the grain export steppe provinces — the first place in the country were which suppliers. Nikolaev became the big industrial centre in the south of Ukraine.

In 1918 Nikolaev has endured for the first time occupation by foreign armies. In 1920 the Soviet power here has affirmed.

With the Great Patriotic War beginning Nikolaev has been occupied on August, 16th. During occupation in Nikolaev the underground diversionary group «Nikolaev centre» operated. On March, 28th, 1944 the city has been released, in particular, thanks to actions of 68 seamen-commandoes under Konstantin Olshansky's command.

In 1949-1955 in Nikolaev the building of regional committee of the CPSU has been constructed. On area opposite side in Square of commandoes the memorial complex of heroes-commandoes — to Heroes of Soviet Union has been built.

In post-war time Nikolaev became one of the centres of shipbuilding of the USSR. Vessels let out three ship-building factories — the Black Sea ship-building factory, factory of name of 61 Communard and factory "Ocean".